ijhss
type: channel
description: international peer-reviewed journal published by Scientific Events Gate - Malaysia, issued biannually in January and July of each year, under the supervision of a group of scholars, researchers, and specialists from all over the world in the fields of humanities and social sciences.
language: en
publication name: ijhss
issn: 2976-3312
items: Challenges of Wheat Self-Sufficiency in Egypt
items: The Role of Qur’anic Rhetoric in Addressing Hate Speech on Social Media
items: Contemplative Reasoning in the Prophets’ Stories in the Holy Qur’an and its Role in the Call to Islam The story of Abraham, peace be upon him, is an example.
items: The role of interpreters in achieving intellectual security.
items: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Development of Islamic Culture in the Digital Age
items: Evaluation of Scientific Research in Artificial Intelligence and Its Integration in Achieving Sustainable Development and Future Challenges - A Vision of Saudi Universities as a Model
items: Islamic Culture Between the Authenticity of Heritage and the Requirements of the Modern Age: Towards a Contemporary Civilizational Model
items: https://ijhss.eventsgate.org/ijhss/article/view/342
items: Critical Thinking Skills of Teachers of Basic Education in Um Rawaba Administration in North Kordofan State
items: https://ijhss.eventsgate.org/ijhss/article/view/337
items: The Russian Experience in Cyber Wars: The Ukrainian War as a Model
items: Legislative Gaps in Cybercrime Laws: A Comparative Analytical Study between Sudan and International Standards (Qatar as a Model)
items: The Flexibility of Educational Management in Dealing with the Challenges and Opportunities of Educational Continuity Before and During the War in the Gaza Strip
items: The actual impacts of flexible working time on quality of work life
items: Ideal thinking style among students of the Chemistry Department at the college of Education for Pure Sciences Ibn Al-Haytham
items: The impact of popular heritage on localizing the linguistic identity of narrative discourse: Baghdadi popular proverbs as a model... an analytical and descriptive study
items: The Tanjung Priok Incident and its Impact on the Internal Political Situation in Indonesia 1984
items: The Commitment Feature within the Rules of Civil Law
items: The Rationale Behind the Neglect of the Governing Particle in Arabic Syntax
items: Instructional skills of Resource Room Teachers
items: The effect of the discussion spectrum strategy on the acquisition of grammatical concepts among first-year middle school students
items: Satire between Negation and Positivity in Al-Hutay'ah: A Critical Study
items: Applying high-performance education in teaching interpretation to middle school female students
items: Means of acquiring language skills and improving educational opportunities for children with autism
items: Research in Islamic Sciences: Methodology and Controls
items: Digital Media and Its Role in Enhancing the Use of the Arabic Language: A Theoretical Analysis of Linguistic Transformations in the Digital Space
items: The role of advanced technology in enhancing cybersecurity strategies in the Royal Oman Police.
items: Digital Media and Artificial Intelligence: A Theoretical Approach to Their Role in Teaching Arabic
items: THE HYPERBOLE OF CONSUMPTION AND EXPLOITATION IN TENDER IS THE FLESH
items: Role of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in Supporting Higher Education and Scientific Research

Challenges of Wheat Self-Sufficiency in Egypt
type: item
description: Despite all the efforts made to achieve self-sufficiency in wheat, it has become clear that there are difficulties that have hindered this over the years. In Egypt during the time period (2010-2023), and the future situation until the year 2030, the research used the descriptive and quantitative analysis method, to identify the expected future scenarios for the wheat self-sufficiency rate until the year 2030, and the most prominent research results were: It was revealed from the study of variables related to and influencing The apparent gap in wheat in Egypt, and consequently in the self-sufficiency rate, the most important of which is production and national consumption of the crop, shows that national consumption increases at a growth rate greater than its counterpart in total production, as the average difference of this difference was about 3.98% annually, and thus the annual difference during the study period was about 388 thousand tons. It is expected that there will be a gap of about 14.59 million tons in 2030, and the self-sufficiency rate of wheat in Egypt will reach about 45.96%. The research recommends constantly reconsidering the supply price because of its effects on the self-sufficiency rate, as setting a remunerative indicative price for the farmer before planting the crop will encourage farmers to grow wheat, considering the competition of other wheat crops at the same time of planting, such as beets, clover.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Egyptian economy, wheat, agricultural policy, self-sufficiency, food gap.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Sarhan Ahmed Soliman
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
doi: 10.61856/1jpgtn85

The Role of Qur’anic Rhetoric in Addressing Hate Speech on Social Media
type: item
description: Hate speech on social media platforms represents one of the most significant challenges facing contemporary societies, posing direct threats to social peace and the values of coexistence. In response to this phenomenon, the Quranic discourse stands out with its refined eloquence, serving as a linguistic and ethical model that contributes to the refinement of souls and the guidance of behavior toward moderation.This paper explores the meaning of Quranic eloquence, the concept of hatred, and the nature of social media platforms. It then highlights the contributions of Quranic eloquence in addressing the roots of hatred and offering rhetorical alternatives to counter it. The study raises the following questions: What are the mechanisms of Quranic eloquence in confronting hate speech on social media platforms? To what extent can these mechanisms be activated as effective alternatives? And how can they present influential reformative models amid the shortcomings of current digital discourse? The study concludes that Quranic eloquence, in addition to being a linguistic art, is capable of formulating an alternative discourse that counters hate speech on social media and promotes a culture of coexistence. The lack of engagement with Quranic eloquence has contributed to the exacerbation of hatred. The eloquence of the Quranic discourse, which integrates reason and emotion, makes it suitable for regulating emotional outbursts that dominate discussions on social media platforms.Recommendations include the necessity of employing Quranic eloquence in formulating media and awareness strategies to confront hate speech on social media, and encouraging specialized researchers to build joint studies that link Quranic eloquence with the ethics of social communication.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Quranic Eloquence – Hatred – Social Media – Values – Coexistence.
  topic: keywords
creator: Wesam Hasan Muslim Al-Mathkori
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
doi: 10.61856/8y5cmp20

Contemplative Reasoning in the Prophets’ Stories in the Holy Qur’an and its Role in the Call to Islam The story of Abraham, peace be upon him, is an example.
type: item
description: Abstract: The Qur’anic narratives of the prophets occupy a distinguished place in the Book of Allah, as they embody profound lessons that transcend mere historical storytelling to serve as a source of reflection and contemplation. The prophets (peace be upon them) employed various methods in calling their people to the oneness and worship of Allah, among which were reflective thinking and rational reasoning—two essential pillars of their prophetic character and fundamental components of their journey toward truth. This study aims to clarify the concept of reflective thinking and its Qur’anic foundations, while examining the applications of this approach in Prophet Ibrahim’s (Abraham’s) call as depicted in the Qur’an. It further seeks to highlight its features and manifestations, and to explore the potential of employing reflective thinking in contemporary da‘wah (Islamic outreach). The problem addressed in this study lies in the limited use of Qur’anic stories to develop deep thinking skills among preachers, as most approaches tend to focus merely on the narrative or moral aspects. The research concludes that reflective thinking in the story of Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) served as an effective tool for the success of his mission, enabling him to understand the nature of his people, analyze their behavior, and select appropriate methods of invitation—such as contemplating the universe and extraordinary phenomena, adopting rational dialogue, and deeply considering the divine wisdom behind trials. The study recommends expanding this topic through a broader examination of other prophetic narratives to contribute to the development of the Qur’anic perspective on reflective and intellectual da‘wah.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Reflective Thinking, Stories of the Prophets, Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham), Da‘wah (Islamic Call).
  topic: keywords
subject: Interpretation and Quranic Sciences
  topic: disciplines
creator: Dr. Walaa Hasan Al-Mathkuri
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
doi: 10.61856/t17ev992

The role of interpreters in achieving intellectual security.
type: item
description: الملخص: يعدّ الأمنُ الفكريّ عاملًا مهمًا في تقدّم المجتمعات وازدهار حضارتها، وللمفسرين دورٌ بارزٌ في تحقيق ذلك في تفاسيرهم، فهم حماة المجتمعات من الانحراف الفكري بما يفسرونه من آيات القرآن، وهذا البحث يتناول بيان معنى التفسير، والأمن الفكري وأهميتهما، وارتباطهما ببعضهما، ثمّ يبرز دور المفسرين في تثبيت دعائم الفكر السليم وفق تفسير آيات القرآن الكريم، وحماية المجتمع من الانحرافات والفوضى الفكرية، وجاءت الإشكاليات: في معرفة مدى تأثير التفسير على الاستقامة أو الانحراف الفكري، وهل للمفسرين مساهمات في بناء الوعي الفكري السليم لدى أبناء المجتمع، وينتهي البحث إلى أنّ: التفسير الصحيح يساهم في توعية المجتمعات فكريًا، ويحيطها بسياجٍ من الحصانة الفكرية، وأنّ المفسر جنديٌ يحمي تفكير أبناء المجتمع من الانحرافات والفكر المتطرف، ويوصي البحث: بتفعيل دور المفسرين عبر وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي المرئي والمسموع والمطبوع لتحقيق الأمن الفكري المجتمعي وفق ما جاء في آيات القرآن الكريم.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: commentators
  topic: keywords
subject: security
  topic: keywords
subject: thought, society, deviation
  topic: keywords
creator: Esraa Abdulghani Abdulmajeed Sindi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
doi: 10.61856/492f0w76

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Development of Islamic Culture in the Digital Age
type: item
description: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Development of Islamic Culture in the Digital Age: An Executive Summary . This research delves into the profound influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the development of Islamic culture in the digital era, focusing on how this technological shift is fundamentally altering knowledge production and dissemination. The study addresses the core problem of AI's effect on Islamic cultural development, specifically exploring the benefits, challenges, and necessary policy adjustments required for its safe and effective deployment. The primary objectives were to systematically evaluate the impact of AI applications on the quality of Islamic cultural development, review associated benefits and challenges, and formulate policy recommendations for safe implementation. The study adopted a combined historical and descriptive-analytical approach to test several hypotheses which affirmed that AI use significantly increases and facilitates the global spread of Islamic culture, yet introduces a threat where algorithmic value bias may distort core Islamic concepts. The research further established that the quality and accuracy of AI outputs are directly linked to user understanding, and that the optimal benefit is conditional on establishing and implementing ethical and Sharia-compliant frameworks for AI operation. The research was focused geographically on Saudi Arabia and temporally on 2025.Key Findings and Strategic Orientation . The investigation yielded four critical findings that define the modern crossroads of faith and technology, demonstrating that AI facilitates a qualitative leap in the mechanisms for preserving and disseminating Islamic heritage and knowledge. However, the most significant ethical threat is posed by algorithmic bias, which stems from the poor representation of authentic Islamic data in global Large Language Models (LLMs), risking the production of superficial or distorted religious content. This makes the …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artificial Intelligence – AI
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Culture
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Transformation
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. FAHD ABDULWAHAB MOHAMMED AHMED ALSAHMIRI
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
doi: 10.61856/0fa50h89

Evaluation of Scientific Research in Artificial Intelligence and Its Integration in Achieving Sustainable Development and Future Challenges - A Vision of Saudi Universities as a Model
type: item
description: The current research aimed to identify the level of integration between scientific research and artificial intelligence in achieving sustainable development and confronting future challenges. The study adopted a descriptive approach and targeted a research population consisting of all artificial intelligence experts in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The research sample included (365) participants, and a questionnaire was used as the research tool. The research reached several results, most notably that the overall average response for the first axis, integration between scientific research and artificial intelligence in achieving sustainable development, was rated as high. Similarly, the overall average response for the second axis, integration between scientific research and artificial intelligence in confronting future challenges, was also rated as high. The research made several recommendations, the most important of which include establishing legal frameworks that encourage the use of artificial intelligence in achieving sustainable development while ensuring transparency and ethics and supporting emerging companies and innovators working to develop artificial intelligence solutions that serve sustainable development goals.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Scientific Research, Artificial Intelligence, Sustainable Development, Future Challenges.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Hiba Jaber
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
doi: 10.61856/1gwdfd71

Islamic Culture Between the Authenticity of Heritage and the Requirements of the Modern Age: Towards a Contemporary Civilizational Model
type: item
description: Abstract: This study examined the role of Islamic culture in shaping contemporary society by highlighting its ability to balance the authenticity of heritage with the demands of modernity, thereby presenting a contemporary Islamic civilizational model that harmonizes between constants and changing variables. The research aimed to emphasize the importance of grounding individual awareness and behavior in the principles derived from the Holy Qur’an and the Prophetic Sunnah, which contributed to achieving social stability and promoting universal human values. The study also focused on the integration of modern technologies—particularly artificial intelligence—in developing educational methods and disseminating Islamic culture in ways that align with current advancements. A descriptive, analytical, and future-oriented methodology was adopted, involving textual analysis and the exploration of prospects for enhancing Islamic cultural education. Key findings included the comprehensiveness and universality of Islamic culture, the significance of bridging authenticity and modernity, and the necessity of utilizing technology within ethical and religious frameworks. Furthermore, the study highlighted the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia as a contemporary model embodying Islamic culture in practice. The research recommended supporting educational curricula that reinforce this balance, encouraging studies that employ technology to serve Islamic values, and fostering cultural discourse capable of addressing contemporary transformations without compromising foundational principles. Ultimately, the study offered a practical vision of how Islamic culture can contribute to building a cohesive modern society capable of making a positive impact on global civilization.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Islamic Culture, Authenticity, Artificial Intelligence, Modernity, Islamic Civilizational Model.
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic culture
  topic: subjects
subject: The authenticity of Islamic culture
  topic: subjects
subject: Towards a civilizational model
  topic: subjects
creator: Asma Hazem Al-Abawi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
doi: 10.61856/y6rnxy40

https://ijhss.eventsgate.org/ijhss/article/view/342
type: item
title: Refuting Intellectual Doubts and Their Impact on Mental Elevation: The Woman as "Satan" in the Sunnah as a Modelنقْضُ الشُّبهات الفكريَّة وأثره في الارتقاء العقْليِّ "وسْمُ المرأة بالشَّيطانة" في السُّنَّة نموذجًا
description: This study explores the role of refuting intellectual doubts in enhancing Muslims’ intellectual and cognitive capacities, emphasizing that Islam seeks to elevate human thought toward reflection, creativity, and moral excellence consistent with human dignity. It defines the concept and causes of intellectual doubts, underscores the importance of addressing them, and examines the misinterpretation of the hadith that likens a woman to Satan, providing a scholarly rebuttal. Using a descriptive and critical methodology, the research analyzes these doubts through Islamic texts and scholarly interpretations. The findings reveal that skeptics have misunderstood the Prophet’s hadith, and that refuting such misconceptions strengthens Muslims’ rational and critical thinking skills. The study concludes by recommending increased focus on the intellectual elevation promoted by Islamic sciences and support for related academic initiatives.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Doubts – Elevation – Woman – Reason.
  topic: keywords
creator: Assistant Prof. Dr. Abed El Fatah Fathi Abed El Fatah Hamouda
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
doi: 10.61856/yatp7564

Critical Thinking Skills of Teachers of Basic Education in Um Rawaba Administration in North Kordofan State
type: item
description: This study aimed to explore the level of critical thinking among primary school teachers in Um Ruwaba locality, North Kordofan State. The descriptive method was employed, and the study sample consisted of 200 male and female teachers selected through stratified random sampling from the study population. The Critical Thinking Test was used as the main tool for data collection, and the data were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, Version 10). Descriptive statistics and independent-samples t-tests were applied to examine differences between group means, in addition to the self-validity coefficient.The findings revealed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in favor of female teachers in the “knowing assumptions” dimension, while significant differences (P < 0.05) were found in favor of male teachers in the “interpretation” dimension. No statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed with respect to academic specialization (Arts/Science), educational level (University/Secondary), or faculty type (Education/Other Colleges).
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Critical Thinking, Teachers, Education.
  topic: keywords
creator: Nour Alhuda Abshir Al-Tayeb
creator: Dr. Huwaida Mukhtar Adam Mohamed
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
doi: 10.61856/w1j52h70

https://ijhss.eventsgate.org/ijhss/article/view/337
type: item
title: A proposed vision for activating inter-academic partnerships in academic supervision of religious and intellectual studies in accordance with the requirements of National Vision 2030 "An analytical prospective study"
description: The study aimed to explore the objectives and significance of interdisciplinary partnership in academic supervision, enhance faculty members’ awareness of its value, and identify the obstacles to its implementation at the College of Da‘wah and Fundamentals of Religion at Umm Al-Qura University. The descriptive analytical method was employed, with a questionnaire as the main tool for data collection, targeting a sample of 152 faculty members. Data were analyzed using the SPSS program. The results indicated that interdisciplinary partnership contributes to broadening interaction among faculty members from different specializations, provides opportunities to activate interdisciplinary studies, and helps overcome procedural challenges, thereby supporting sustainable community development. The study also highlighted the need to establish research centers specialized in interdisciplinary studies within the College of Da‘wah and Fundamentals of Religion and other colleges of social or human sciences, as well as to promote partnership culture through guides, brochures, training programs, and strategic plans. In addition, specialized training courses should be implemented to support faculty members in adopting such practices. The study presented a proposed framework for activating interdisciplinary partnership in academic supervision between the College of Da‘wah and Fundamentals of Religion and other humanities departments at Umm Al-Qura University, including objectives, requirements, mechanisms, obstacles, and ways to overcome them. It further recommended that the university leadership recognize the scientific and developmental benefits of this framework in order to develop religious and intellectual studies in alignment with the objectives of Saudi Vision 2030.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: : Inter-academic partnership
  topic: keywords
subject: A proposed vision for activating inter-academic partnerships in academic supervision of religious and intellectual studies in accordance with the requirements of National Vision 2030
  topic: subjects
subject: Islamic Theology
  topic: disciplines
creator: Dr. Ahlam Mohammed A Al-Duwayyikh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
doi: 10.61856/6421xs59

The Russian Experience in Cyber Wars: The Ukrainian War as a Model
type: item
description: In light of the rapid technological revolution characterizing the modern era, digital transformations have penetrated all forms of social, economic, and political interaction. Their impact has not been limited to civilian spheres but has extended to the very nature of warfare itself, as contemporary conflicts have increasingly assumed non-traditional forms, with a significant part being conducted in cyberspace as a central instrument of international conflict, competition, and dominance. In this context, Russia has emerged as a key international actor that has strategically exploited the cyber domain, mobilizing its technical, intelligence, and military capabilities to make cyberspace a core element of power and deterrence within its security doctrine. Cyber warfare has thus become one of the most prominent features of political, economic, and commercial conflicts among states, targeting critical infrastructure, governmental facilities and institutions, industrial networks, and research and knowledge centers, thereby disrupting state functions and threatening national security. This study aims to provide a clear analytical perspective on cyber warfare, with particular emphasis on the Russian–Ukrainian war as a contemporary case study, and to examine the consequences arising from it at both the security and political levels. The study adopts a content analysis approach to identify and analyze the patterns and strategies of cyber warfare employed by Russia within its security strategy in the confrontation with Ukraine, with the objective of preserving its security and reinforcing its international influence and dominance. Among the most significant findings is that cyberspace has become a new and open arena for international conflict, through which destructive and disruptive actions are carried out, particularly attacks on information systems and networks, posing a direct threat to state security and stability.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cyber Security, Russia, Technological Revolution, Russian Strategy.
  topic: keywords
creator: Sedrati Samira
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
doi: 10.61856/4eg54316

Legislative Gaps in Cybercrime Laws: A Comparative Analytical Study between Sudan and International Standards (Qatar as a Model)
type: item
description: Abstract: This study examines the relationship between cybersecurity and its governing legal framework, analyzing the legal, social, and economic impacts resulting from the growing cyber threats in the context of digital transformation and the discovery of legislative gaps that contribute to the rise in cybercrime rates. Cybersecurity has become a central issue requiring an effective legal response to counter threats targeting digital systems and information infrastructure. The study highlights the capacity of Sudanese legislation—particularly the Cybercrimes Acts of 2007 and 2018—to address these challenges. It also draws upon the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) as an advanced international model for data protection and privacy. Additionally, the State of Qatar was selected as a contemporary Arab example of cyber legislation, allowing for a comparative analysis between the two models and the identification of legislative gaps and the urgent need to update the legal framework in line with technological and human rights developments. The study adopts a descriptive-analytical methodology to evaluate legal texts and identify legislative shortcomings and gaps that contribute to the rise of cybercrime. It concludes with a call to review current laws, enhance international cooperation, and develop specialized legal training in order to establish an effective legal system that safeguards information security and individual rights in the digital environment.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Legislative gaps, cybercrime, international standards, cybersecurity, cyber legislations.
  topic: keywords
creator: GARIBALLA MOHAMMED ELBAZ ALSANHORY
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
doi: 10.61856/krp0q603

The Flexibility of Educational Management in Dealing with the Challenges and Opportunities of Educational Continuity Before and During the War in the Gaza Strip
type: item
description: This study aimed to identify the flexibility of educational management in dealing with the challenges and opportunities of educational continuity before and during the war in the Gaza Strip. The study adopted a comparative approach and applied a personal interview tool to a purposive sample of (10) teachers and (5) principals from UNRWA schools in the Gaza Directorate for the 2025 academic year. After confirming the tool's validity and reliability, the results showed that the top priority is student safety amid harsh security conditions that led to a near-complete halt of formal education. This pushed teachers and principals to adopt primitive, informal strategies and radically adapt available resources. However, these efforts face enormous structural and logistical challenges, along with profound psychological effects on students. The study recommends prioritizing the provision of safe and flexible educational environments by identifying and rehabilitating safe spaces, securing schools as protected zones, and supporting decentralized, community-based education.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Educational management, continuity of education, flexibility, education, Gaza.
  topic: keywords
creator: Mahmoud Nabil Mohammed Abu Sha'ir
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
doi: 10.61856/fp1d0747

The actual impacts of flexible working time on quality of work life
type: item
description: This study aims to determine whether in working hours have a direct impact on quality of work life and whether they lead to an increase in performance levels and enhance the organization's competitiveness. Achieving this aim requires ,first defining the nature of quality of work life , and the second providing an analysis of the various alternative working hour systems . Then , the focus shifts specifically to the flexible working hours system by analyzing some pratical models , in addition to identifying its implications on the quality of work life. the results concluded that the adoption of flexible working hours by business organizations positively affects the psychological health and well-being of individuals due to reduced psychological stress and increased satisfaction , improved productivity and a better work -life balance
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: flexible working time
  topic: keywords
subject: quality of work life
  topic: keywords
creator: Jennat Boukhemkhem
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
doi: 10.61856/g4mn6n71

Ideal thinking style among students of the Chemistry Department at the college of Education for Pure Sciences Ibn Al-Haytham
type: item
description: The current research aims to measure the styleof ideal thinking among students of the Chemistry Department, Faculty of Education for Pure Sciences Ibn Al-Haitham,and the extent of ideal thinking according to the academic year of the university stage. To achieve the research objectives, the descriptive approach was followed. The students of the Chemistry Department, for the four grades (first, second, third, fourth), was determined as the research community.A group was selected from each grade to be a sample for the current research. A tool was prepared to measure ideal thinking among the research sample, where a test was setfor it. Moreover, its validity, reliability, and all its psychometric properties were found, so that it would be ready for application. When it was applied, and its data were statistically unloaded using the statistical package (SPSSv.22 ), it was found that the students had an intermediatelevel of ideal thinking, and this is a good indicator. Also, the fourth-grade students had a higher level than the rest of the grades, meaning that ideal thinking was directly relatedto the academic grade. In light of these results, some conclusions were reached, including, for example, that the ideal thinking among students of the College of Education for Pure Sciences, Ibn Al-Haytham, Chemistry Department, was at an intermediatelevel. Some recommendations were also made, including, for example, helping students with low ideal thinking to raise it, and some proposals were made to apply the ideal thinking test to departments other than the Chemistry Department.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Style, Ideal Thinking, Psychometric Characteristics, Cognitive and Emotional Features.
  topic: keywords
creator: Ass. Pro. Dr. Anwar Abbas Mohammed
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
doi: 10.61856/v7727h47

The impact of popular heritage on localizing the linguistic identity of narrative discourse: Baghdadi popular proverbs as a model... an analytical and descriptive study
type: item
description: opular culture, and most notably linguistic creativity in the forms of narration and poetry, are key to the preservation of classical Arabic and linguistic identification based upon one's forbears. Therefore, the role of learners and readers of Linguistic creativity is to preserve and enrich Arabic by immersing themselves in its fluctuating expressions while maintaining its traditional essence. Oral literatures, and most of all, proverbs, are arguably the most potent aspect of such a culture, as they embody Arab societies' historical and cultural memory. Baghdadi proverbs, which are integral to Iraqi and broader Arab and global culture, have linguistic and cultural qualities that reflect customs, traditions, values, and beliefs of societies. These proverbs are not merely rhetorically rich, brief statements of literature but texts which also represent social life, engraving moral, economic, and everyday experiences. These proverbs transmit knowledge that has been acquired, impart awareness, and construct social understanding among successive generations. Common proverbs fall within the oral literary creativity's categories, and this research highlights their contribution towards showcasing Arabic's repressibility most notably in narrative discourse—spanning communication across generations. Relevance and versatility are made manifest in their aesthetic shape and intended meaning. In a descriptive-analytic style, this work discusses Baghdadi proverbs' linguistics, their communication of meaning, preservation of phonetic and semantic coherence, and contribution toward culture identification. Accordingly, under that understanding, the research highlights Arabic proverbs' ongoing value toward culture maintenance and linguistic development.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Popular proverbs, contemporary readers, language of proverbs, inherited.
  topic: keywords
creator: Wasan Ali Abdulhussein Alzubaidy
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
doi: 10.61856/q3vyqh50

The Tanjung Priok Incident and its Impact on the Internal Political Situation in Indonesia 1984
type: item
description: The research aims to shed light on the roots of the Tanjung Priok incident, which dates back to a sermon delivered by a Muslim preacher, Amir Beki, in the Tanjung Priok area, north of the Indonesian capital, Jakarta, on September 10, 1984. The sermon included a clear criticism of the Pancasila principle, which Indonesian governments have followed since 1945 as a state doctrine based on several political and social issues. However, it seems that the sermon criticized the government for its failure or weakness in implementing these principles as stipulated in the constitution. The attendees at the Al-Saada Mosque, as it was called, where the sermon was delivered, supported and interacted with him. It is expected that the preacher’s criticism of the Pancasila principle would arouse the government’s anger, which responded by having Indonesian soldiers storm the Muslim mosque. The worshippers responded to this government action by organizing protests and denouncing the government and its arbitrary measures against the preacher at the Al-Saada Mosque. Meanwhile, the quarrels escalated into clashes between demonstrators and Indonesian security forces, which led to the opening of fire on the demonstrators, killing some. Between the dead and the wounded, this incident became a matter of public opinion, reported by the media, both friendly and hostile to the Jakarta government. From this starting point came the idea of ​​studying the Tanjung Priok incident in Indonesia in 1984 and its impact on the internal situation in Indonesia during the period from September 12, 1984 to April 1985. The events of the subject were covered by the Indonesian newspaper Tapol, which opposed the ruling regime in Jakarta, in addition to other specialized sources.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Indonesia ,Tanjung Priok, Incident, 1984
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Abdul Hakim Talab Jaafar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
doi: 10.61856/62a4dt22

The Commitment Feature within the Rules of Civil Law
type: item
description: A legal rule can be defined as a general, abstract social rule aimed at regulating social relations, and it is associated with a material sanction imposed on those who violate its provisions. From this definition, it becomes clear that the legal rule possesses several characteristics that distinguish it from other social rules. The purpose of this brief research is not to examine all the characteristics of the legal rule, but rather to focus on its most important characteristic: its binding nature, represented by the material sanction imposed on those who violate its provisions. Since the sanction differs depending on the nature of the legal rule, it may sometimes be a penalty and other times compensation. We will address the sanction resulting from the violation of civil law rules, with compensation being one of the most prominent forms of such sanctions. However, compensation is not the only form of sanction in civil law. The question arises: Is the legal sanction an inherent characteristic of the legal rule such that it cannot be considered a legal rule without it? Or do some rules in civil law lack a sanction but still retain their status as legal rules? This is what we aim to answer in the course of this research .
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Civil Law – Obligation – Sanction
  topic: keywords
subject:
  topic: subjects
  value: المستخلص : يمكن تعريف القاعدة القانونية بأنها قاعدة سلوك اجتماعية عامة مجردة هدفها تنظيم الروابط الاجتماعية, وهي مقترنة بجزاء مادي يفرض على من يخالف احكامها. ويتبين من هذا التعريف ان القاعدة القانونية تتميز بالعديد بالصفات التي تميزها عن غيرها من القواعد الاجتماعية, وليس هدفنا في هذا البحث الموجز تتبع كل صفات القاعدة القانونية, وانما نأحذ من تلك القاعدة أهم صفة فيها, الا وهي صفة الالزام المتمثل بالجزاء المادي على من يخالف احكامها, ولما كان الجزاء يختلف بحسب اختلاف طبيعة القاعدة القانوية, فتارة يكون عقوبة وتارة يكون تعويضا, فإننا سنتناول الجزاء الذي يكون نتيجة مخالفة قواعد القانون المدني والذي يعد التعويض ابرز صور الجزاء فيه, ومع ذلك فان التعويض ليس هو الصورة الوحيدة للجزاء في القانون المدني. لكن هل الجزاء القانوني صفة جوهرية في القاعدة القانونية بحيث لا يمكن ان تنال تلك الصفة بدون الجزاء, ام توجد بعض القواعد في القانون المدني تخلو من الجزاء دون ان تفقد صفة القاعدة القانونية ؟ هذا ما سنحاول الاجابة عنه في ثنايا البحث .
subject:
  topic: subjects
  value: Abstract : A legal rule can be defined as a general, abstract social rule aimed at regulating social relations, and it is associated with a material sanction imposed on those who violate its provisions. From this definition, it becomes clear that the legal rule possesses several characteristics that distinguish it from other social rules. The purpose of this brief research is not to examine all the characteristics of the legal rule, but rather to focus on its most important characteristic: its binding nature, represented by the material sanction imposed on those who violate its provisions. Since the sanction differs depending on the nature of the legal rule, it may sometimes be a penalty and other times compensation. We will address the sanction resulting from the violation of civil law rules, with compensation being one of the most prominent forms of such sanctions. However, compensation is not the only form of sanction in civil law. The question arises: Is the legal sanction an inherent characteristic of the legal rule such that it cannot be considered a legal rule without it? Or do some rules in civil law lack a sanction but still retain their status as legal rules? This is what we aim to answer in the course of this research .
subject: د. عباس فاضل عباس - التخصص العام القانون الخاص - التخصص الدقيق القانون المدني
  topic: disciplines
subject: د. زينب جاسم محمد - التخصص العام القانون الخاص - التخصص الدقيق القانون المدني
  topic: disciplines
creator: Assist. Prof. Dr. Abbas Fadhil Abbas
creator: Assist. Prof. Dr. Zainab Jassem Mohammed
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
doi: 10.61856/77m40y65

The Rationale Behind the Neglect of the Governing Particle in Arabic Syntax
type: item
description: This research aims to shed light on the study of a linguistic phenomenon contained in the books of grammarians of advanced and late, in separate sections of their grammatical writings, which is to reach the reason for neglecting the working letters in Arabic grammar, and study them in a curriculum based on their semantic dimension and the extent to which it is affected by the meaning, in addition to studying them grammatically, and explaining the reasons for neglecting them according to what was developed by scholars of the origins of Arabic grammar and choosing what suits them without fanaticism. The researcher has shown the reason for neglecting some working letters In Arabic grammar, and the controls of its implementation. He began with a preface in which he mentioned the concept of the vowel in language and grammar, and then examined the definition of the word neglect in language and terminology, and the definition of the word cancellation that synonymous with it in grammatical use. The researcher referred to some working letters, but their work has been neglected because of the presence of an accident or a bug that canceled its implementation, with a statement of that bug and the opinions of grammarians in the impact of its existence, and the preponderance of some of them over the other if they are multiple in grammatical issues. The research was limited to the reasons for neglecting the working letters already present tense, and the reasons for neglecting the transcribed letters, the reasons for neglecting some prepositions. He then concluded with the results and recommendations mentioned in the conclusion of the research.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Activation, Neglect, Cancellation
  topic: keywords
subject: Activation, Neglect, Cancellation
  topic: subjects
subject: اللغة العربية وادابها
  topic: disciplines
creator: Dr. Talib Hamad Jaki Al-Jiashi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
doi: 10.61856/yxd4pa93

Instructional skills of Resource Room Teachers
type: item
description: The current study aimed to highlight some of the Instructional skills of resource room teachers in Integration Schools, which is one of the most important components of the teaching process, as we identified in this study what needs to be known about the Instructional skills that resource room teachers rely on for the success of the educational process, in addition to defining the Instructional skills, its characteristics and importance, and its basic dimensions, from planning and its multiple sub-skills such as preparing educational plans, education and preparation, implementation skill, and its sub-skills such as: Preparation, selection of questions, use of teaching aids, closing skill, evaluation skill and its sub-skills, including choosing homework, preparing worksheets and asking questions. We used the descriptive and analytical approach by analyzing educational documents and literature. In this study, we followed the analysis of the content of the theoretical side in the research of previous relevant studies, through which the results showed that there is agreement in the studies on some skills for teachers with resource rooms, and the labels differed despite the agreement in the names, content and content.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: The skill, Instructional skills, Resource room teacher
  topic: keywords
creator: Nehad Ammar
creator: Okil Ben saci
creator: Dr. Nadia Boudeyaf
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
doi: 10.61856/xf252q09

The effect of the discussion spectrum strategy on the acquisition of grammatical concepts among first-year middle school students
type: item
description: This study seeks to understand the impact of discussion spectrum policies on the understanding of grammar basics among first-year middle school female students. The study community was represented in Baghdad, and the study chose the study models in a selected group of first-year preparatory school students from Al-Zuhour Secondary School, affiliated with the Second Karkh Education Directorate for the year (2024-2025 AD). The research sample amounted to (96) students in two groups: the subject of the experiment, numbering (48) students who studied according to the discussion spectrum strategy, and a control group, numbering (48) students who were taught using the usual method. The researcher balanced the sample of the study model in the indicators: (the time period in months, the parents’ cognitive achievement, the grades of the Arabic language in the past year, and the language ability test). (40) teaching objectives were formulated with behavioral dimensions covering the three levels of acquisition, represented by defining, distinguishing, and applying the concept, and presenting them to a committee of critics in the Arabic language and its teaching methods, evaluation and analysis to verify their efficiency and coverage of the content of the academic content. The measurement tool consisted of (25) multiple-choice paragraphs designed to understand Grammar Basics, the test has proven its validity, reliability and objectivity, and was administered to the study group at the conclusion of the experiment. The researcher used appropriate statistical tools for the research such as the (t-test) for two separate groups, and the square effect (Chi-square). The study outcomes showed that the experimental female students who learned the grammar by applying the discussion spectrum policies outperformed the members of the control sample of female students who studied the same course using the old method in understanding the grammar rules. The study urged the employment of the di…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Spectrum of Discussion، Concept Acquisition، Grammatical Concepts.
  topic: keywords
subject: يهدف البحث الى معرفة اثر استراتيجيات التعلم النشط ومنها" طيف المناقشة" في اكتساب المفاهيم النحوية لدى طالبات الصف الاول المتوسط
  topic: subjects
subject: التربية, الانسانية
  topic: disciplines
subject: طرائق تدريس اللغة العربية
  topic: disciplines
creator: Alaa Mahmood
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
doi: 10.61856/1h26cy20

Satire between Negation and Positivity in Al-Hutay'ah: A Critical Study
type: item
description: This article explores and analyzes the persona of the poet Al-Hutay’ah, one of the most prominent poets of the Jahili and early Islamic periods, with a focus on the theme of satire in his poetry. Al-Hutay’ah was known for his expansive style and sharp sarcasm, making him a subject of great interest among critics who sought to understand the psychological, social, ethical, and moral motivations behind his satirical verse. The study highlights how satire served as an outlet for his feelings of oppression, deprivation, and social inferiority, resulting from a life of poverty and displacement. It concludes that Al-Hutay’ah’s satire was not merely verbal abuse, but rather a unique artistic blend of ridicule and biting criticism, which gave his poetry a distinct character that continues to engage readers despite the harshness of its language. Through this critical approach, the article demonstrates how Al-Hutay’ah enriched Arabic poetry with a distinctive form of satire that reflected his internal struggles and the broader social conditions of his time.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Al-Hutay'ah, criticism, causes, satire, poetry
  topic: keywords
creator: Star Hussein Mohie Al-Arajy
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
doi: 10.61856/cz2ame18

Applying high-performance education in teaching interpretation to middle school female students
type: item
description: The growing awareness of the wide disparities among teachers has led to an ongoing dialogue among educators, researchers, and educational policymakers about how to improve teaching practices. This study presents a framework for effective teaching using high-performance teaching and evidence-based strategies. It is applied to the teaching of Tafsir (Islamic interpretation) to third-grade female students. The aim is to leverage successful teaching strategies in an engaging and practical manner, with clear steps. An experimental approach was used on two equal groups of students: the control group and the experimental group, which were taught using a highly productive structured teaching method. The effect size between the two groups was calculated. It is worth noting that the proposed teaching framework aims to achieve better learning outcomes with minimal time and effort, and focuses on achieving the highest levels of efficiency and mastery in the learning process.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Education strategy, education efficiency, teaching method, curriculum size
  topic: keywords
creator: Fatima Al-Awbathani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
doi: 10.61856/xstz1a55

Means of acquiring language skills and improving educational opportunities for children with autism
type: item
description: This research addresses the topic of language acquisition and improving educational opportunities for children with autism, highlighting the importance of using appropriate educational methods to support their abilities, while taking into account their unique developmental and social needs. The research defines autism and its most prominent features as a developmental disorder that affects social and linguistic communication and is accompanied by stereotypical behavior and isolation. It also highlights the importance of educational methods such as picture learning, interactive cards, sports activities, music sessions, electronic games, and educational robots, which help develop communication, pronunciation, and attention skills in children with autism. The research also discusses the characteristics of autism disorders in the areas of communication, social interaction, interests, and activities, and highlights the importance of using therapeutic programs such as behavior modification, psychotherapy, drug therapy, and structured educational programs such as TEACH and integration programs. The research emphasizes the importance of early intervention, educating parents on ways to interact positively with their children, and designing activities and programs tailored to each child's abilities. This contributes to improving learning opportunities and developing language and social skills in children with autism.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Autism, Teaching Aids, Language Skills, Behavioral Therapy, Social Communication.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Nour Al-Huda Absher Al-Tayeb
creator: Dr. Howayda Mukhtar Adam
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
doi: 10.61856/krd12z35

Research in Islamic Sciences: Methodology and Controls
type: item
description: This scientific paper reviews the research methodology in the Sharia sciences and its controls as the approved scientific method for studying the Sharia rulings and deriving them according to precise methodological foundations. Research in this field is a basic necessity for understanding the Sharia texts, interpreting them and applying them in contemporary reality, in addition to contributing to the renewal of Islamic jurisprudence in a manner consistent with contemporary human developments. Research in the Sharia sciences also represents an essential tool for understanding religion and applying it, while emphasizing adherence to the Sharia controls in scientific research to ensure reaching accurate and objective results.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Methodology - Scientific Research - Sharia Sciences - Controls
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdelhadi Dandane Abdelhadi Dandane
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
doi: 10.61856/366sm182

Digital Media and Its Role in Enhancing the Use of the Arabic Language: A Theoretical Analysis of Linguistic Transformations in the Digital Space
type: item
description: This study aims to analyze the role of digital media in promoting the use of the Arabic language, with a focus on the linguistic transformations taking place in the digital environment. It explores the impact of modern media on Arabic vocabulary and structures, highlighting how technology has introduced new expressions that have become part of everyday discourse. The study also addresses challenges such as the limited availability of Arabic digital content and the growing influence of colloquial language and Latin script. Using a theoretical and analytical approach, the research investigates the relationship between digital media and Arabic, drawing on relevant media and technology theories. It also explores the potential of artificial intelligence to support Arabic content and discusses the technical, social, and legal barriers hindering its spread. The study presents examples of digital initiatives contributing to the promotion of Arabic, such as Alwaraq and Khan Academy. It concludes that while digital media offer valuable opportunities to support the Arabic language, overcoming current challenges requires comprehensive strategies to enhance Arabic content, expand its integration into AI technologies, and support media production that reinforces cultural identity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Digital media
  topic: keywords
subject: Media
  topic: keywords
subject: Arabic
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital media
  topic: subjects
subject: Websites
  topic: subjects
subject: Arabic
  topic: subjects
subject: Media
  topic: subjects
subject: Media
  topic: disciplines
subject: Digital media
  topic: disciplines
creator: Omar Ghazi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
doi: 10.61856/pn7qv993

The role of advanced technology in enhancing cybersecurity strategies in the Royal Oman Police.
type: item
description: This scientific paper examines the role of advanced technology in enhancing the Royal Oman Police's cybersecurity strategies, focusing on analyzing the challenges facing the Sultanate in light of the rapid changes in the nature of cyber threats. The paper highlights the importance of using technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data analytics, advanced encryption, and cloud systems to enhance the Royal Oman Police's capabilities to respond to cyberattacks. The paper also discusses the most prominent challenges associated with cybersecurity, including the shortage of qualified human resources and the difficulty of keeping pace with rapid changes in cyberattack methods. Furthermore, the study reviews the importance of regional and international cooperation in combating transnational cybercrimes and the vital role of updating cyber legislation to enhance digital protection. The study concluded that sustainable investment in advanced technology, developing specialized training programs, and enhancing community awareness are among the most important strategies the Royal Oman Police can adopt to enhance cybersecurity. The paper also recommends the establishment of specialized cybersecurity centers and increased international cooperation to exchange security knowledge and expertise.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cybersecurity
  topic: keywords
subject: Advanced
  topic: keywords
subject: Technology
  topic: keywords
subject: Strategies
  topic: subjects
subject: PhD in Philosophy
  topic: disciplines
creator: Badr Ali Al-Sanidi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
doi: 10.61856/z6pay259

Digital Media and Artificial Intelligence: A Theoretical Approach to Their Role in Teaching Arabic
type: item
description: In light of the information revolution, globalization, and the emergence of virtual society, social media, powered by artificial intelligence, has become a pivotal role in shaping the cultural and national identities of peoples through their languages. Communication is no longer limited to the exchange of information; it now relies on a cognitive awareness of the importance of language. The Arabic language has benefited from AI technologies in various fields, most notably automated language processing or "linguistic engineering," which includes machine translation, text analysis, blogging, and search engines, and requires a combination of linguistic and computational proficiency. These applications have facilitated the use of Arabic in various sectors, such as banking and communications, making it available anytime, anywhere, using computers or smart applications, enhancing the presence of the Arabic language in the digital space.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Digital Media Artificial Intelligence Arabic Language
  topic: keywords
subject: الإعلام الرقمي
  topic: subjects
subject: الذكاء الإصطناعي
  topic: subjects
subject: اللغة العربية
  topic: subjects
subject: الإعلام الرقمي
  topic: disciplines
creator: Maha Alim
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
doi: 10.61856/kf79ak76

THE HYPERBOLE OF CONSUMPTION AND EXPLOITATION IN TENDER IS THE FLESH
type: item
description: This paper aims to study the novel "Tender Is the Flesh" by the Argentinian writer Agustina Bazterrica, attempting to extract and highlight its Marxist undertones. The novel is a dystopian work depicting one of the most horrific phenomena known to humankind: cannibalism. Not only is cannibalism widely accepted in the world, but astonishingly, it is normalized, regulated, and even supported by the government. This has led to the spread of a virus that renders all animal meat toxic to humans. Consequently, mass-produced industrial agriculture and meat industries have decided to fill this void with a new type of "specialty meat." Using Marxist analysis, this paper sheds light on how the consumption of human flesh, and all the processes involved in transforming it into inhuman meat to make it fit for consumption, can be interpreted as an exaggeration of the contemporary global situation in which the humanity and rights of workers are violated, and they are consumed by capitalism and the profit-driven economy.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Marxist analysis, science fiction, reification, dystopia, literature and ideology.
  topic: keywords
subject: كلية التربية للعلوم الانسانية/ قسم اللغة الانجليزية
  topic: disciplines
creator: Asst.Lect Salam Fadhil Abed Altaee
creator: Asst. Lect. Muhannad Salman Obaid Al-Qaraghouli
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
doi: 10.61856/nk4w6d88

Role of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in Supporting Higher Education and Scientific Research
type: item
description: supporting higher education and scientific research. The study adopted the descriptive-analytical approach to examine the issue and the importance of scientific research in outer space, based on the provisions of treaties and agreements related to outer space and similar areas. The study identified several key findings, most notably that scientific research in outer space is governed by the principle of peaceful use, requiring that such activities serve peaceful objectives and benefit all of humanity. Additionally, the research offered a series of recommendations, emphasizing the importance of ensuring the sustainability of space activities to guarantee shared benefits for all nations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), higher education and scientific research, international cooperation, outer space.
  topic: keywords
subject: Role of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in Supporting Higher Education and Scientific Research
  topic: subjects
subject: educational
  topic: disciplines
creator: Professor Dr. Dhuha Adil Mahmood
creator: Assistant Lecturer Muna Adil Mahmood
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ijhss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
doi: 10.61856/kf7mds25