Juridical Choices of Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani in his Book "Fath al-Bari" Through the Chapter of Fasting: "Issues Related to the Start of Ramadan as an Example"

Proving the Sighting of the Ramadan Crescent through Astronomical Calculation

Abstract

Praise be to Allah, the Lord of all worlds, and blessings and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and all of his companions. After that: Due to the scholarly status of Imam Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani and the importance of his book "Fath al-Bari," this research titled "Fiqh Choices of Imam Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani in his Book 'Fath al-Bari' Regarding Issues Related to the Timing of Ramadan as a Model" has been conducted to elucidate Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani's fiqh choices related to the issues of "the timing of Ramadan" and study them through the book of fasting in "Fath al-Bari." The research consists of an introduction covering all its elements from the problem statement, research objectives, research significance, etc., and two main sections: "Proving the Crescent of Ramadan by Astronomical Calculation" and "Advancing Ramadan by Fasting One or Two Days." Finally, the research concludes with a conclusion summarizing the main recommendations and findings of the study. The first section, entitled "Proving the Crescent of Ramadan by Astronomical Calculation," details the issue and analyzes it by presenting all the opinions therein, then arrives at Imam Ibn Hajar's choice and compares it with the other schools of thought. As for the second section, titled "Advancing Ramadan by Fasting One or Two Days," it also details the issue and analyzes it by presenting all the opinions therein, then arrives at Imam Ibn Hajar's choice and compares it with the other schools of thought. Overall, this research emphasizes the importance of studying these two issues, given their significance for Muslims in the act of fasting, especially in our time, which witnesses differences among Islamic countries in determining the beginning of Ramadan.